But Intel had no real understanding of consumers and sold the watchmaking company in 1978 at a loss of $15 million. In 1972 management decided to enter the growing digital watch market by purchasing Microma. Not all of Intel’s early endeavours were successful. Also in 1971 Intel engineers Ted Hoff, Federico Faggin, and Stan Mazor invented a general-purpose four- bit microprocessor and one of the first single-chip microprocessors, the 4004, under contract to the Japanese calculator manufacturer Nippon Calculating Machine Corporation, which let Intel retain all rights to the technology. That same year Intel introduced the erasable programmable read-only memory ( EPROM) chip, which was the company’s most successful product line until 1985. Because DRAMs were cheaper and used less power than core memory, they quickly became the standard memory devices in computers worldwide.įollowing its DRAM success, Intel became a public company in 1971. It was purchased first by the American technology company Honeywell Incorporated in 1970 to replace the core memory technology in its computers. However, its sibling, the 1103, a one-kilobit dynamic random-access memory ( DRAM) chip, was successful and the first chip to store a significant amount of information. Intel’s initial products were memory chips, including the world’s first metal oxide semiconductor, the 1101, which did not sell well. Robert Noyce: Intel Corporation Early products Noyce, Moore, and Grove served as chairman and chief executive officer (CEO) in succession during the first three decades of the company’s history. Immediately after founding Intel, Noyce and Moore recruited other Fairchild employees, including Hungarian-born American businessman Andrew Grove. Moore was the head of research and development at Fairchild Semiconductor. Noyce was the coinventor in 1959 of the silicon integrated circuit when he was general manager of Fairchild Semiconductor, a division of Fairchild Camera and Instrument. Intel’s founders were experienced, middle-aged technologists who had established reputations. Unlike the archetypal Silicon Valley start-up business with its fabled origins in a youthful founder’s garage, Intel opened its doors with $2.5 million in funding arranged by Arthur Rock, the American financier who coined the term venture capitalist. Intel was founded in July 1968 by American engineers Robert Noyce and Gordon Moore. SpaceNext50 Britannica presents SpaceNext50, From the race to the Moon to space stewardship, we explore a wide range of subjects that feed our curiosity about space!.Learn about the major environmental problems facing our planet and what can be done about them! Saving Earth Britannica Presents Earth’s To-Do List for the 21st Century.100 Women Britannica celebrates the centennial of the Nineteenth Amendment, highlighting suffragists and history-making politicians.COVID-19 Portal While this global health crisis continues to evolve, it can be useful to look to past pandemics to better understand how to respond today.Student Portal Britannica is the ultimate student resource for key school subjects like history, government, literature, and more.This Time in History In these videos, find out what happened this month (or any month!) in history.#WTFact Videos In #WTFact Britannica shares some of the most bizarre facts we can find.Demystified Videos In Demystified, Britannica has all the answers to your burning questions.Britannica Classics Check out these retro videos from Encyclopedia Britannica’s archives.Britannica Explains In these videos, Britannica explains a variety of topics and answers frequently asked questions.
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